Types of Celiac disease

There are generally six types of Celiac diseases found in men and women. These six types of Celiac diseases includes:

• Autoimmune diseases - This is a disorder which is caused when the body's immune system attacks the tissues causing inflammatory reactions.
• Digestive Diseases - The digestive diseases in a Celiac disease are esophageal achalasia, duodenal ulcer, fecal incontinence, dysentery and whipple disease.
• Chronic digestive diseases - This is a disorder which gives rise to continual digestive disorders. Like other disease like Chorn's disease, ulcers and diverticulitis, Celiac Disease is also cause due to continual digestive disorders.
ARTICLE SECTIONS:
• Definition of Celiac Disease
• Symptoms
• Types of Celiac Disease
• Causes
• Risk Factors
• Conventional Treatments
• Patients Medical Treatments
• Terms Defined
• Celiac Disease Testing
• Inflammatory bowel disease - This is caused when the immune system of the body attacks the intestine. The digestive disorders are also caused by bowel inflammation.
• Under diagnosed condition - Some of the types under diagnosed conditions are diabetes, whooping cough, hypertension and many other diseases.
• Intestinal conditions - Some of the symptoms of intestinal conditions includes watery stools, frequent stools, diarrhea, anorexia and even blood in the stools.

Causes of Celiac disease

The direct cause of the Celiac disease is not known. But in some people, inheriting and developing some irregular genes from the blood relations may cause Celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease and thus people with the irregular genes may not get affected if their immune system does not get attacked. The genetics play an important role in Celiac disease but the vital factor remains immune system. Some of the causes of celiac disease may be pregnancy surgery, viral infection or even severe emotional stress.

Gluten is a family of proteins present in wheat. Some of the proteins that make up gluten (the ones that are dissolved by alcohol) are called gliadin. It is the gliadin in gluten that causes the immunological reaction in celiac disease. The mechanism whereby gliaden becomes toxic (damaging) is not clear; however, much scientific study is being done, and we are beginning to understand the mechanism.

Proteins, including gliaden, are long chains of amino acids-up to several hundred--attached to each other. Normally during digestion, digestive enzymes within the small intestine break-up proteins into single amino acids and smaller chains of amino acids. This is necessary because the intestine only can absorb single amino acids or, at most, chains of 3-4 amino acids. Single amino acids and chains of several amino acids do not cause problems for the intestine. It appears, however, that gliaden is not completely broken-up by intestinal enzymes. Several longer chains of amino acids remain intact. Somehow these larger chains enter the cells lining the intestine, perhaps because the cells are abnormally permeable (leaky) to longer chains of amino acids. Some of these longer chains are toxic (damaging) to the intestinal cells. One of the longer chains attaches to an enzyme within the cells, tissue transglutaminase. In individuals with celiac disease, the complex of the longer chain of amino acids and tissue tranglutaminase sets off an immune reaction that attacks the complex and at the same time damages the intestinal cells.

Barley and rye contain gliadin-like proteins and can cause celiac disease in genetically-predisposed individuals. Oats also contain gliadin-like proteins, but unlike barley and rye, the gliadin-like proteins in oats cause inflammation weakly and in only a few individuals who are predisposed to develop celiac disease. Rice and corn do not cause celiac disease because they do not contain gliadin-like proteins.

Risk Factors of Celiac Disease

Celiac disease may affect anyone but people who are more prone to get affected are those who inherit and develop the irregular genes from their blood relations. The Celiac disease gets affected when the immune system of the body attacks the intestine. Thus one of the main risk factors remains the genetics and other factors include the ethnic background like people of the European descent tends to get affected by this disease. Another risk factors is the medical conditions which includes -

• Autoimmune thyroid disease
• Type 1 diabetes
• Lupus
• Dermatitis herpetiformis
• Rheumatoid arthritis

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Article Last Updated: 06/26/2009