Angina

Angina

ANGINA

Angina is a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. It is usually a symptom of coronary artery disease, which occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by plaque. Angina may feel like squeezing or pressure in the chest, and it can also cause pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back. Angina is often triggered by physical exertion or stress, and it can be relieved by rest or by taking medications that improve blood flow to the heart. If you have angina, it is important to collaborate with your doctor to manage your condition and reduce your risk of a heart attack.

Types of Angina

There are several types of angina, including:

  • Stable angina: This is the most common type of angina. It occurs when the heart is working harder, such as during physical activity or times of stress. The pain is predictable and can usually be relieved by rest or medication.
  • Unstable angina: This is a more serious type of angina that occurs when the heart is not getting enough blood flow. The pain is often more severe and unpredictable, and it can occur while resting. Unstable angina may be a sign of an impending heart attack.
  • Variant angina: Also known as Prinzmetal's angina, this is a rare type of angina that occurs when there is a temporary reduction in blood flow to the heart due to a spasm in a coronary artery. It often occurs during rest, particularly during the early morning hours.
  • Microvascular angina: This type of angina is caused by problems with the small arteries in the heart, rather than the larger coronary arteries. It can be more difficult to diagnose and may require specialized testing.
  • Chronic stable angina: This is a long-term form of stable angina that occurs on a regular basis, often with minimal physical exertion. It may be a sign of advanced coronary artery disease.

Angina pectoris

Angina pectoris is another term for angina, which is a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Angina pectoris is often used to describe stable angina, which is a predictable type of chest pain that occurs when the heart is working harder, such as during physical activity or times of stress. The pain is usually relieved by rest or medication. Angina pectoris can be a symptom of coronary artery disease, which occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by plaque. If you have angina pectoris, it is important to collaborate with your doctor to manage your condition and reduce your risk of a heart attack.

Unstable angina

Unstable angina is a more serious type of angina that occurs when the heart is not getting enough blood flow. The pain is often more severe and unpredictable, and it can occur while resting. Unstable angina may be a sign of an impending heart attack. If you have unstable angina, you should seek medical attention immediately as it is a medical emergency.

Unstable angina is usually treated with medications to improve blood flow to the heart and to prevent blood clots. These medications may include aspirin, clopidogrel, heparin, or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. Your doctor may also recommend that you have a coronary angiography, a procedure that uses dye and x-rays to visualize the coronary arteries and identify any blockages. If a blockage is found, your doctor may recommend a procedure such as angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery to restore blood flow to the heart. It is important to follow your doctor's recommendations and take all medications as prescribed to manage your condition and reduce your risk of a heart attack.

Prinzmetal angina

Prinzmetal angina, also known as variant angina, is a rare type of angina that occurs when there is a temporary reduction in blood flow to the heart due to a spasm in a coronary artery. It often occurs during rest, particularly during the early morning hours.

The symptoms of Prinzmetal angina can be like those of other types of angina, including chest pain, shortness of breath, and nausea. However, the pain of Prinzmetal angina is often more severe and may not be relieved by rest or medications used to treat other types of angina.

Prinzmetal angina is usually diagnosed with a coronary angiography, a procedure that uses dye and x-rays to visualize the coronary arteries and identify any blockages. Treatment may include medications to relax the coronary arteries and improve blood flow to the heart, such as nitroglycerin or calcium channel blockers. In some cases, a procedure such as angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery may be necessary to restore blood flow to the heart. If you have been diagnosed with Prinzmetal angina, it is important to collaborate with your doctor to manage your condition and reduce your risk of a heart attack.

Ludwig angina

Ludwig angina is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that affects the tissues in the floor of the mouth. It is usually caused by bacteria, such as Streptococcus or Staphylococcus, which enter the body through a wound or abscess in the mouth.

The main symptoms of Ludwig angina are swelling and pain in the floor of the mouth, difficulty swallowing and speaking, and difficulty breathing. The infection can spread rapidly, causing the tissues in the neck and jaw to become swollen and pressing on the airways. This can lead to difficulty breathing and a potentially life-threatening condition called airway obstruction.

Ludwig angina is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. Treatment may include antibiotics to kill the bacteria, drainage of any abscesses or pockets of pus, and surgery to remove infected tissue. In severe cases, a tracheotomy (a surgical opening in the neck to allow air to enter the lungs) may be necessary to help the person breathe. If you or someone you know has symptoms of Ludwig angina, it is important to seek medical attention right away.

Stable angina

Stable angina is the most common type of angina. It occurs when the heart is working harder, such as during physical activity or times of stress. The pain is predictable and can usually be relieved by rest or medication.

The main symptom of stable angina is chest pain, which may feel like a squeezing or pressure sensation. The pain may also radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, or back. Stable angina is usually triggered by physical exertion or stress, and it can be relieved by rest or by taking medications that improve blood flow to the heart, such as nitroglycerin.

Stable angina is usually a symptom of coronary artery disease, which occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by plaque. Risk factors for coronary artery disease include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, and diabetes. If you have stable angina, it is important to collaborate with your doctor to manage your condition and reduce your risk of a heart attack. This may include lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking, as well as medications to lower blood pressure and cholesterol.

Angina Treatments

There are several treatments for angina, including:

  • Medications: Several medications can be used to treat angina, including aspirin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and nitrates. Aspirin can help to prevent blood clots, beta blockers can help to slow the heart rate and lower blood pressure, calcium channel blockers can help to relax the blood vessels and improve blood flow, and nitrates can help to widen the blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart.
  • Lifestyle changes: Making certain lifestyle changes can help to reduce the frequency and severity of angina attacks. This may include eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and reducing stress.
  • Coronary artery procedures: If medications and lifestyle changes are not effective in controlling angina, your doctor may recommend a procedure to improve blood flow to the heart. These procedures may include angioplasty, in which a small balloon is used to open a blocked artery, or coronary artery bypass surgery, in which a healthy blood vessel is used to bypass a blocked artery.
  • Cardiac rehabilitation: Cardiac rehabilitation is a program of supervised exercise and education that can help people with heart conditions, including angina, to improve their physical and mental well-being.

It is important to collaborate with your doctor to determine the best treatment plan for your specific situation.

Frequently asked questions and answers on angina:

 

What is angina?

Angina is a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. It is usually a symptom of coronary artery disease, which occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by plaque. Angina may feel like squeezing or pressure in the chest, and it can also cause pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back. Angina is often triggered by physical exertion or stress, and it can be relieved by rest or by taking medications that improve blood flow to the heart. If you have angina, it is important to collaborate with your doctor to manage your condition and reduce your risk of a heart attack.

 

What is angina pectoris?

Angina pectoris is another term for angina, which is a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Angina pectoris is often used to describe stable angina, which is a predictable type of chest pain that occurs when the heart is working harder, such as during physical activity or times of stress. The pain is usually relieved by rest or medication. Angina pectoris can be a symptom of coronary artery disease, which occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by plaque. If you have angina pectoris, it is important to collaborate with your doctor to manage your condition and reduce your risk of a heart attack.

 

What does an angina attack feel like?

An angina attack typically causes a feeling of pressure or squeezing in the chest. The pain may also radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, or back. Some people may describe the sensation as feeling like a tight band around the chest. Angina pain is usually triggered by physical exertion or stress, and it can be relieved by rest or by taking medications that improve blood flow to the heart, such as nitroglycerin. Other symptoms of an angina attack may include shortness of breath, nausea, and feeling weak or lightheaded. If you experience angina symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible.

 

What causes angina?

Angina is usually caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. This can be due to several factors, including narrowed or blocked coronary arteries, which are the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart. Plaque, a substance made up of cholesterol, fat, and other substances, can build up in the coronary arteries and obstruct blood flow. This condition is known as coronary artery disease, and it is the most common cause of angina.

Other factors that can contribute to angina include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, and diabetes. Physical exertion or stress can also increase the risk of an angina attack. If you have any of these risk factors or experience angina symptoms, it is important to collaborate with your doctor to manage your condition and reduce your risk of a heart attack.

 

What is angina caused by?

Angina is usually caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle due to narrowed or blocked coronary arteries. Coronary artery disease, which is the most common cause of angina, occurs when plaque, a substance made up of cholesterol, fat, and other substances, builds up in the coronary arteries and obstructs blood flow. This can lead to angina, a type of chest pain that is often triggered by physical exertion or stress.

Other factors that can contribute to angina include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, and diabetes. If you have any of these risk factors or experience angina symptoms, it is important to collaborate with your doctor to manage your condition and reduce your risk of a heart attack.

 

What does angina feel like in a woman?

Angina can feel different from person to person, and women may experience angina differently than men. Some common symptoms of angina in women may include:

  • Chest pain or discomfort: This may feel like a squeezing or pressure sensation in the chest, or it may feel like a tight band around the chest. The pain may also radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
  • Shortness of breath: This may occur along with chest pain or on its own.
  • Nausea or vomiting: Some women may feel sick to their stomach or vomit during an angina attack.
  • Sweating: Some women may break out in a sweat during an angina attack.
  • Weakness or fatigue: Angina may cause a feeling of weakness or fatigue.
  • Anxiety or feelings of panic: Some women may feel anxious or panicked during an angina attack.

It is important to remember that angina can feel different from person to person, and not all women will experience the same symptoms. If you have any symptoms of angina, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible.

 

What does angina feel like in a man?

Angina can feel different from person to person, and men may experience angina differently than women. Some common symptoms of angina in men may include:

  • Chest pain or discomfort: This may feel like a squeezing or pressure sensation in the chest, or it may feel like a tight band around the chest. The pain may also radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
  • Shortness of breath: This may occur along with chest pain or on its own.
  • Nausea or vomiting: Some men may feel sick to their stomach or vomit during an angina attack.
  • Sweating: Some men may break out in a sweat during an angina attack.
  • Weakness or fatigue: Angina may cause a feeling of weakness or fatigue.
  • Anxiety or feelings of panic: Some men may feel anxious or panicked during an angina attack.

It is important to remember that angina can feel different from person to person, and not all men will experience the same symptoms. If you have any symptoms of angina, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible.

 

How serious is angina?

The severity of angina can vary depending on the underlying cause and the individual's overall health. In general, angina is a serious condition that requires medical attention. It is often a symptom of coronary artery disease, which occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by plaque. This can lead to a heart attack if the blood flow to the heart is completely blocked.

Angina is usually treated with medications to improve blood flow to the heart and to prevent blood clots, as well as lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking. In some cases, a procedure such as angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery may be necessary to restore blood flow to the heart.

It is important to collaborate with your doctor to manage your angina and reduce your risk of a heart attack. This may include taking medications as prescribed, making lifestyle changes, and seeking medical attention for any symptoms of angina.

 

Which medication is given to clients who are diagnosed with angina?

There are several medications that may be used to treat angina, including:

  • Aspirin: Aspirin can help to prevent blood clots, which can reduce the risk of a heart attack.
  • Beta blockers: Beta blockers can help to slow the heart rate and lower blood pressure, which can reduce the workload on the heart and improve blood flow.
  • Calcium channel blockers: Calcium channel blockers can help to relax the blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart.
  • Nitrates: Nitrates can help to widen the blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart.
  • Statins: Statins can help to lower cholesterol levels, which can reduce the risk of plaque buildup in the arteries.

Which medication is best for a particular individual will depend on their specific situation and any other medical conditions they may have. It is important to collaborate with your doctor to determine the best treatment plan for your needs.


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