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Crohn's disease symptoms can vary depending on the location and severity of the inflammation. Some common symptoms include:
Symptoms can come and go, with periods of flare-ups (when symptoms are severe) and remission (when symptoms are mild or absent). Some people may experience only a few symptoms, while others may have many. Additionally, some people may experience extraintestinal symptoms such as joint pain, skin rashes, and eye inflammation.
There are five types of Crohn's disease, these are:
Ileocolitis: Ileocolitis is the most common type of Crohn's disease. It affects the ileum (the lowest part of the small intestine) and the colon (the large intestine). Often, the diseased area of the colon is continuous with the diseased ileum, and therefore involves the ileocecal valve between the ileum and the colon. In some cases, however, areas of the colon not contiguous with the ileum are involved. Symptoms of ileocolitis are essentially the same as those present in ileitis. Weight loss is also common.
Ileitis: This type of Crohn’s disease affects the ileum primarily. Some of the complications in this type may include fistulas or inflammation in the right lower quadrant of the stomach. Symptoms include diarrhea and cramping or pain in the right lower quadrant and periumbilical (around the bellybutton) area, especially after meals. Malabsorption of vitamin B12 can lead to tingling in the fingers or toes (peripheral neuropathy). Folate deficiency can hinder the development of red blood cells, putting the patient at higher risk of developing anemia. Fistulas can develop, as can inflammatorily masses.
Gastroduodenal Crohn's disease: This type of Crohn's disease affects the stomach and part of the small intestine. Gastroduodenal Crohn's disease, which affects the stomach and the duodenum (the highest, or beginning, portion of the small intestine), is often misdiagnosed as an ulcer. The correct diagnosis frequently is not made until various ulcer treatments have failed, or until Crohn's disease is identified farther down the gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms of gastroduodenal CD include loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea, pain in the upper middle of the abdomen, and vomiting.
Jejunoileitis: In this type of Crohn's disease inflammation is caused in bits of areas around the upper half of the small intestine. Jejunoileitis is Crohn's disease of the jejunum (the longest portion of the small intestine), which is located between the duodenum and the ileum. Symptoms include mild to intense abdominal pain and cramps after meals, diarrhea, and malnutrition caused by malabsorption of nutrients. (The majority of nutrients are absorbed in the jejunum.) Fistulas (abnormal openings in the intestinal tract) may form. These can link a diseased area of the small intestine to another area of the intestine or another organ, such as the bladder. Fistulas may increase the risk of developing infections outside of the GI tract.
Crohn's (granulomatous) colitis: This type of Crohn’s disease affects only the colon area. Joint pains and skin lesions are seen in this type of Crohn's disease. It is distinguished from ulcerative colitis in two ways. First, there are often areas of healthy tissue between areas of diseased tissue; ulcerative colitis is always continuous. Second, while ulcerative colitis always affects the rectum and areas of the colon beyond the rectum, Crohn's colitis can spare the rectum, appearing only in the colon.
Crohn's disease is a chronic condition that causes inflammation in the digestive tract. While there is no cure, there are a variety of treatment options available to manage symptoms. Holistic treatments for Crohn's disease may include:
Our job at Patients Medical is to connect the dots between a patient's medical history, symptoms, and their underlying causes. Patients Medical is a superb place for people to secure integrative and holistic health care from providers who give personalized care, partner with the patient to focus on the root cause of their illness, support their recovery, and help them maintain good health.
For those that can make the journey, we are happy to welcome new patients to our medical center in New York City. Fill out the form at the top of this page, or call us at 1-212-794-8800. We are here to listen and to help.
We are located at: Patients Medical PC, 1148 Fifth Avenue, Suite 1B New York, NY 10128.